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When the hypothalamus is signaled that testosterone levels ar below the genetically determined levels, it will reduce the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone into the pituitary, the pituitary will responed be releasing less gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone and follicole-stimulating hormone) and thereby put a break on leydig cell production of testosterone.

If men with healthy testosterone levels use pharmacuetical testosterone dosages designed for men with a clinically low testosterone level, they will acheive nothing. Thier overall testosterone levels will not rise because the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which become aware of the fact that normal testosterone levels have been achieved through exogenous testosterone, will just signal the testes to stop synthesizing testosterone. Then, testosterone levels remain normal, but the testes and pinile tisue waste (atrophy) due to inactivity.

There are only two ways to raise testosterone levels beyond genetically set levels.

One is to hugely overclose exogenous testosterone then, plasma levels are supranormal even when the body's own testosterone production is completely shutdown over a lengthly period of time. This is the standard approach of body builders who are after testosterone's anabolic effect. As mentioned, they pay for thier overall mascular appearance with ridiculously small testes and a penis that has shrunk to boyhood size.

The other option is to switch one's testes into increased production though, for example through tongkat ali extract (a single effective dose of tongkat ali active ingredients would be the equivalent of about 100g tongkat ali root, such amounts of active ingredient can realistically only be obtained through the use of an extract). This appraoch will not only generate testosterone or levels that are above genetically set levels but also contribute to an increased size of the testes and the penis.

If tyhe aim is to raise testosterone levels for the pupose of better sexual function, then the second option is superior. This is the one because the effect of oral tongkat ali extract supplementation is not just to raise levels of testosterone but those of related hormone's as well. This is not acheived through exogenous testosterone alone, which is why body builders who use testosterone or synthetic anabolic steroids often not only suffer from an atrophy of the testes and penile tissue, but a loss of libido and sexual functionality as well.

While all phytoestrogens are considered disruptive for male sexual function, some phytoestrogens of such herbal extracts, such as damiana, are considered aphrodisiacs for women.

While all Phytoestrogens are considered disruptive for male sexual function, some phytoestrogens of such herbak extracts occupy estrogen receptor sites of the female body. These receptor sites are thereby closed to the womans own astrogens. The woman's own astrogens are cosidered stronger than phytoestrogens. That estrogen receptorsidesare accupied by weak phytoestrogens instead of the woman'sown stronger estrogens tilts the balance between androgens and estrogens in favor of androgens. As the theory goes, the women will therefore feel more sexual appetite.

In men, damiana will likely have the opposite effect. Weak phytoestrogens such as damiana do not only bind to estrogen receptor sites but also to testosterone receptor sites, so that in men, they cause overall testosterone levels to decline.